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Major Tornadoes Strike Alabama and Georgia; Meteorologists Track Tornadoes with 2D Radar; Nominations for CNN Hero of the Year; 50th Anniversary of the First Test Flight of the Concorde

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Hey everyone. Thank you for taking 10 minutes to get up to speed on world events. For CNN 10, I`m Carl Azuz. A natural

disaster in the U.S. state of Alabama headlines are show today. Lee County which in the eastern part of the state was struck by tornadoes on Sunday

afternoon. Just before 3 o`clock eastern time, the area received its first tornado warning, an official alert that means a tornado has been seen or

identified by radar.

The first report of damage in Lee County came just five minutes later indicating that people there had barely any time at all to take shelter.

There was a second tornado warning about half an hour later and more reports of damage 13 minutes after that. The National Weather Service says

in all at least 12 tornadoes touched down in Alabama and Georgia on Sunday. Lee County Alabama`s Sheriff Jay Jones called the destruction catastrophic.

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SHERIFF JAY JONES, LEE COUNTY, ALABAMA: Houses completely destroyed. Homes just basically just slabs left where once stood a home. Massive
 

slab [slæb] v. 把……切割成厚片；去掉原木的膘皮

damage. Some of the area has in specific areas the - - the contents of one residence we know for a fact was located over 1,000 yards away.

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AZUZ: At least 23 people were killed. It was Alabama`s deadliest day for tornadoes since 2011. Dozens of homes were lost. Businesses were damaged.

Parts of a school were hit. A shelter was set up on Sunday at a local Baptist church and dozens of people took advantage of it. Across the state
 

baptist [ˋbæptɪst] n. 浸礼会教友；（圣经）施洗者约翰

border in Talbot County, Georgia emergency officials say at least 15 structures were destroyed including an apartment building and some homes.

The pastor of a church there says it hit so quickly that people couldn`t have planned for it. States of emergency were declared in Alabama and

Georgia to speed up money and assistance to those who need it. Private donations and offers to help were also coming in from all around the

effected areas.

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UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: This a 2 dimensional look at a storm on radar but meteorologists see a tornado. But what is it exactly that meteorologists

see, well let`s take a look. The yellow and green colors you see here are going to be your very heavy rain in the storm. The red color indicates

your hail core and then all the way down there, the purple circle, that`s where your tornado is going to be. Meteorologists often refer to it as the
 

hail [hel] n. 雹，冰雹

hook echo because of the hook shape that it ends up taking but there aren`t the only features we look for.

We also have to take a look at the winds inside the storm. Imagine this flagpole was inside of our storm and the flags going all the way up to the
 

flagpole [ˋflæg͵pol] n. 旗竿

very top of the cloud. The thing is the wind changes direction as you go up. So this naturally creates that rotation necessary for funnel clouds

and also even tornadoes. So now let`s take a look at the base of that storm. What you have is you have very warm inflow, warm air coming into
 

inflow [ˋɪn͵flo] n. 涌入; 流入

the storm and rising because that`s what warm does. It goes up. But you also have cold air coming down from the tops of the clouds and sinking all

the way down towards the base.

Now together these help to create wind shear down near the perimeter and that is what helps create some of the more violent tornadoes. Now, what if
 

wind shear 风切（wind shear），又称风剪，是指大气中不同两点之间的风速或风向的剧烈变化。

perimeter [pəˋrɪmətɚ] n.【数】周；周围；边缘

your tornado has been on the ground for at least a little bit? Then you start to get this, the debris cloud which is essentially a collection of

all of the stuff the tornado has been able to pick up everything from dust to trees to even homes.

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ANDERSON COOPER, CNN HOST: Ladies and gentlemen the 2018 CNN Hero of the Year is Dr. Ricardo Pun-Chong.

(APPLAUSE)

DR. RICARDO PUN-CHONG: We are here tonight because people believe in us.

(APPLAUSE)

COOPER: Incredible night and when he returned to Peru crowds gathered to greet Ricardo at the airport. He`s been hailed a national hero. For

years, Ricardo dreamt of building a brand new shelter on land he secured. Now he says thanks to the $100,000 CNN prize and donations made to his non-

profit, he can start construction. The new space will allow him to triple the number of people he can serve.

PUN-CHONG: The kids inspire me everyday. They are fighters, warriors. Really, they are heroes.

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AZUZ: Remembering the 2018 CNN Hero of the Year. Dr. Pun-Chong and the other heroes like him are everyday people who`s action is changing their

communities. It could be through mentoring young people. It could be through helping make sure every poor child in a community has a new bed to
 

mentor [ˋmɛntɚ] v. 指导

sleep on. Nominations are now open for 2019 CNN Heroes. You can tell the network about someone who inspires you by visiting CNN.com/heroes.

10 Second Trivia. When an object travels faster than 760 miles per hours at sea level it`s said to be what? At mach II, supersonic, hypersonic or terminal velocity.
 

supersonic [͵supɚˋsɑnɪk] adj. 超音速的

hypersonic [͵haɪpɚˋsɑnɪk] adj. 高超音速的（5倍音速以上）

terminal velocity 终端速度

760 miles per hour is about the speed of sound at sea level. So if you`re going faster than that you`re supersonic.

Above sea level sound doesn`t travel as fast so planes don`t have to be going quite as quickly to be supersonic. Still, mach I or the speed of

sound is not something that`s reached by passenger planes, at least not anymore. This is the Concorde. It`s being remembered this week because it

just marked the 50th anniversary of its first test flight. You can only see it in museums now, not the skies but when it was airborne the Concorde could cruise at twice the speed of sound.
 

airborne [ˋɛr͵born] adj. 空运的

Mach II, 1,350 miles per hour flying on it is said to have been extremely noisy and it was expensive. A round trip ticket between London and New

York could set you back $16,000 and that was 20 years ago. But before its age, operating costs and a single but horrific accident led to its last

flight, the Concorde was the ultimate jet for jetsetters.
 

Jet-setter [ˋdʒɛt͵sɛtɚ] n. 搭喷射客机到处旅游的富豪；往来各地旅游或办事的名流人物

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UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Imagine being able to fly 60,000 feet above the ground at more than twice the speed of sound traveling from New York to London in

just 3 1/2 hours at the height of luxury. It might sound futuristic but this feat of engineering became a reality 50 years ago. At an airfield in

southwest France on March 2nd 1969, Concorde I took flight proving that commercial supersonic air travel was possible. It had taken an

unprecedented collaboration between Britain and France to realize the project which was reflected in its name.

A word used in both French and English to mean agreement, harmony and union. Its construction was one of the most complex in aviation history

and the now iconic design was actually a result of cutting edge engineering. For example, the delta wing designed to minimize drag at high
 

drag [dræg] n. 阻力；摩擦力

speed but maximize lift at take off was the result of over 5,000 hours of wind tunnel testing. Super powerful engines were needed to accelerate the

Concorde`s 1,350 mile per hour supersonic speed and it remains the only passenger plane ever to have used turbo jet engines with afterburners.
 

afterburner [ˋæftɚ͵bɝnɚ] n. 后燃气（喷射引擎等的再燃装置）

The extra long nose cone had to be specially designed to droop so the pilots could see during steep take off and landing angles. The result of
 

droop [drup] v. 低垂，下垂

all this innovation was a plane that went into service in 1976 could five miles higher and 800 miles per hour faster than the competition but

supersonic speed was anything but super cheap. With around 100 seats and superior service, Concorde quickly established an aura of exquisitivity
 

aura [ˋɔrə]n. 气味；气氛

exquisitivity [ɛkˈskwɪzətɪvətɪ] n. 精致; 细腻

Royals including the queen were among its notable passengers and ultimately despite its engineering excellence, Concorde`s expense contributed to its downfall.
 

downfall [ˋdaʊn͵fɔl] n. 垮台，没落，覆灭；垮台（或没落）的原因

Economic issues were compounded in 2000 by a crash in Paris killing everyone on board and four on the ground. And despite briefly
 

compound [kəmˋpaʊnd] v. 增加，加重，使恶化

resuming service a year later, Concorde made its last commercial flight from New York to London in 2003. Though the supersonic dream was a reality for just 27 years, it lives on in aviation history.
 

live on 继续存活; 继续存在

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AZUZ: Every fall a number of publications give advice on how to winter proof your home but who could expected this. Now you see it, nice little

house, now you see it covered in ice. It`s located in upstate New York near the shore of Lake Ontario. The heavy winds of a storm blew ice all
 

upstate [ˋʌpˋstet] adj.（美国的一州内）远离大城市的；远离海岸线的；偏僻的；北部的

over the house incasing it. The woman who lives there says its four feet deep in some places. Thankfully she can still get in and out through a

back door.

When it comes to cold if you don`t love it, you`re going to list it and house hunt for something farther south. A

fixer-upper is better than a
 

fixer-upper [ˈfɪksɚˈʌpɚ] n.（状况不佳、购买后修缮以增加价值的）待修房

"freezer upper" and no matter how good its bones are a flip is a flop if this old house is a "vanilla ice" project. You didn`t design on a dime.

You`ll want to be trading spaces in no time. I`m Carl Azuz for CNN 10.

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