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Experts Debate the Lasting Economic Effects of COVID-19; Scientists Make Certain Plants Glow in the Dark; We Make A Virtual Visit to a Model Train Paradise

CARL AZUZ, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Picture is getting a little sharper in terms of how corona virus is impacting America`s economy and that`s where we start today`s

edition of CNN 10. I`m Carl Azuz. Since the summer of 2009 when the Great Recession came to an end, the United States Gross Domestic Product had

grown in every quarter, every three month period of the financial calendar. It was America`s longest economic expansion in history but now according to

many economists, it`s over. The U.S. Commerce Department said Wednesday that Gross Domestic Product fell by 4.8 percent in the first quarter of

this year. That`s its worst drop since the country was in the midst of the Great Recession in 2008 and it`s because of all the closures, shutdowns and

especially the drop in consumer spending brought on by the corona virus.

Consumer spending is the biggest factor in America`s GDP. Recession is generally defined as when GDP shrinks for two quarters in a row and

recession [rɪˋsɛʃən] n.（经济的）衰退；衰退期

economists increasingly believe that one started last month. There`s more data on the way. The U.S. government`s monthly jobs report is set to come

out tomorrow. It will give estimates on the number of jobs lost and the unemployment rate, the percentage of American workers who don`t have a job,

but this is a unique situation. It was brought on by sudden shocks of businesses closing and people staying home. So it`s hard to say how

quickly the economy will recover after corona virus fears have passed or what it will look like when it does.

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GOVERNOR ANDREW CUOMO: Big question for everyone is when do we reopen.

GOVERNOR GAVIN NEWSOM: We will lay out our California based thinking.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We`re in a - - in a good spot to move forward

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: President Trump revealing the White House`s new guidelines for opening up America again.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The Federal guidelines call for states to meet specific gating metrics before considering lifting restrictions.

gate [get] v.【英】限制（学生）外出

metrics [ˋmɛtrɪks] n. 指标；量度

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The future will depend on the choices we make. What we do in terms of testing, what we do in terms of monitoring.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: These getting criteria are intended to indicate that we`re on the downward trajectory. We`re on the other side of those - -

criteria [kraɪˋtɪrɪə] n. pl（判断、批评的）标准，准则，尺度

trajectory [trəˋdʒɛktrɪ] n.【物】轨道；弹道；轨迹

those curves that we`ve all become so familiar with.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Reopening isn`t a magic moment or a date or the moment you get tired of all of this. It`s the moment where you can control the

epidemic by means other than a shutdown.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The ability to do extensive testing as we`ve heard again and again remains a challenge in many places.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: When we reopen we can`t do it without - - with a zero level of risk. The question is how much risk can you tolerate.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The imagery of putting the economy into an induced coma and waking it up is not quite right because the body deteriorates

during the coma. It`s a complicated dance because it`s not just production which is important. It`s also consumption. Right? And so we need

everything to start moving at the same time in order to have a reasonable economy.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: How do you get businesses back up and running? What`s the right solution? Trying to maintain social distancing within a

workplace having people wear masks within a workplace including as well regular testing.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: On the manufacturing side where you can have a certain amount of distancing at work and transport can pick up once again, not

crowded airplanes. Of course, we will eventually so go through the spectrum of industries and services that can be open with some distancing

spectrum [ˋspɛktrəm] n. 系列；范围；幅度[（+of）]

to industries where you need much more close contact.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: This is going to be a very difficult labor market for a lot of people. When we are able to reopen more of the economy, many of

those people will be able to return to work but others not. So the legacy will be high unemployment for some time. It`s not going to be an immediate

bounce back.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Going out to restaurants, cafes, other social gathering locations I suspect what we`ll see is fewer tables. Tables at a greater

distance from one another. Just like what we`ve seen in grocery stores now where they`ve been asked to reduce the number of people in a grocery store

at any one time to some fraction of their total capacity.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: You can`t really survive in the same space at one-third the customers. You know, beyond the two months or three months if we need

to think about how we - - we provide support going forward, it may make sense at that point to say well we either have to change. Provide delivery

services or to be viable with proper amounts of distancing or, you know, we close down now and open up maybe a year later when we have the vaccine and

they become viable once again.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: 10 Second Trivia. Bioluminescence, when living organisms produce light, is a form of what? Phosphorescence, chemiluminescence, fluorescence or crystal luminescence.

Bioluminescence is a form of chemiluminescence, a chemical reaction.

bioluminescence [͵baɪo͵lumɪˋnɛsəns] n. 生物体之发光

Phosphorescence [͵fɑsfəˋrɛsns] n. 磷光；发磷光

chemiluminescence [͵kɛmə͵luməˋnɛsəns] n. 化学发光

fluorescence [fluəˋrɛsns] n. 发射荧光；荧光性

luminescence [͵luməˋnɛsns] n. 发冷光；冷光

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: Next is a virtual field trip to a sort of virtual landscape, Northlandz with a "z" is in New Jersey. When it`s open it`s place where

you`ll find hundreds of tunnels through hundreds of mountains, where 100 plus trains pass through and it`s all under one roof.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Ralph Waldo Emerson once quoted that "Nothing great can ever be achieved without enthusiasm." I have a lot of enthusiasm. This is

Northlandz in Flemington, New Jersey. Northlandz is the world`s largest model railroad. Well I guess, you know, everybody has a passion for

something, my thing was trains. I had trains around the Christmas tree as a kid. Wherever I lived I`m planning track plans and then over 18 years I

added five basements onto the house. And from that I got fairly good at making mountains and bridges and design work and we decided to give it to

the world so we tore it all down, bought this land and built Northlandz.

Any given day we run between 85 and 90 trains. Some of the details in Northlandz inside, about 40,000 feet of track, about 4,000 buildings over

400 bridges. Many of the mountains in here are three and a half stories high. Most things in here are scratch built. Underneath the entire

scratch built : to build a scale model "from scratch"

superstructure there`s enough lumber to build about 42 large houses. It takes a few hours to go through for the average person to see everything.

We went millions into debt to build this place. Everybody thought we were nuts. The only one that believed in what I wanted to do was my wife and

she was totally with me on this big time. It`s an artistic endeavor. It`s a gift to the world of what I can do and it makes a lot of people happy.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: Santa Claus is coming to town. What? It`s April but never fear Santa`s here to spread some cheer. He says that`s what Santa does best

even during times like these and thanks to grants and donations, Santa Dave has delivered smartphones to senior citizens in a Chicago suburb to help

grant [grænt] n. 授予物；奖学金，助学金，补助金

them communicate with their families. He`s also been online reading bedtime stories to local boys and girls, helping create some good memories

during difficult times.

You could look at it and say it`s a "mediablitzen" and baby there`s some jealousy from "Donder and Blitzen" but they`re stuck outside where they

have to rough it. They can`t Zoom or Skype all they can do is "hoof" it so it`s up to the big man and his big presents. You said presents? I said

presents, just seeing him is of the essence of holiday magic for senior, kids and teens. Delivering smiles despite COVID-19. All right. Franklin

Academy High School is in Malone, New York. You guys are "santastic". I`m Carl Azuz for CNN.

END

recession [rɪˋsɛʃən] n.（经济的）衰退；衰退期

gate [get] v.【英】限制（学生）外出

metrics [ˋmɛtrɪks] n. 指标；量度

criteria [kraɪˋtɪrɪə] n. pl（判断、批评的）标准，准则，尺度

trajectory [trəˋdʒɛktrɪ] n.【物】轨道；弹道；轨迹

spectrum [ˋspɛktrəm] n. 系列；范围；幅度[（+of）]

bioluminescence [͵baɪo͵lumɪˋnɛsəns] n. 生物体之发光

phosphorescence [͵fɑsfəˋrɛsns] n. 磷光；发磷光

chemiluminescence [͵kɛmə͵luməˋnɛsəns] n. 化学发光

fluorescence [fluəˋrɛsns] n. 发射荧光；荧光性

luminescence [͵luməˋnɛsns] n. 发冷光；冷光

scratch built : to build a scale model "from scratch"

grant [grænt] n. 授予物；奖学金，助学金，补助金